Tuesday 25 April 2017

MEST3 Section A: revision task

List 10 stories/debates/examples that you could use for the Identities and the Media question:
  • London Riots 
- 40% of newspaper articles featuring young people focused on violence or crime or anti-social behaviour; and that 71% could be described as having a negative tone
- typical representation of young people are that they are 'yobs' or 'hoodlems' and most negative, anti-social behaviour is associated with those that are black, therefore racial discrimination is an issue that spurs from this
- The Women in Journalism study interviewed 1000 boys and found that 29% felt wary when they were around other teenage boys they did not know and 79% of adults are more wary around teenage boys
  • Post-colonialism, Yasmin (2004)
- reveals positive representations of British Muslims through the traditional and devout family orientated values
- subverts Said's theory of Orientalism as she almost appropriates to become civilised
  • No More Page 3 
- Lucy-Ann Holmes started the 'No More Page 3' campaign in August 2012; it reached 215,000 signatures by January 2015 - she is a feminist who did not want glamour models to pose for the newspaper
  • Everyday Sexism Campaign 
- Bates started the project because she experienced sexism in day to day life, which became a routine for her. Bates didn't act on this because she thought this was normal until she realised that a lot of other women were in the same position and didn't act on the issue either
  • Homosexuality - Wilde (1997) 
- Oscar Wilde reveals that he thinks "that the realisation of one's self is the prime aim of life." The idea of being yourself and being true to your identity is explored in this film, when a woman asks the lady why Wilde is famous, the woman replies "for being himself."
- Wilde's lover gets locked up and stopped from seeing him reveals the issues and debates around homosexuality and how it is not supported by all, encouraging audiences to sympathise and empathise with LGBT groups
  • FOX News says Kendrick Lamar “has done more damage to young African-Americans than racism” - http://consequenceofsound.net/2015/06/fox-news-says-kendrick-lamar-has-done-more-damage-to-young-african-americans-than-racism/
- Conservative views of hip-hop music and the genre, turning something about hope into hatred
- 'Alright' is about BlackLivesMatter and police brutality, has been transformed into a statement that makes Lamar seem like an avid entertainer of misconduct rather that fortune 
  • Caitlyn Jenner opens up about being transgender - Daily Mail 
- Transgender issues have become more vocal and public, identities have been accepted within societies and therefore allows more minority groups and the marginalised groups to be presented within the news
- by a celebrity coming out as transgender, it also allows others who are going through the same issue to be able to speak out and therefore encourages them to feel 'normal' rather than an outcast
  • Tom Daley: 'I always knew I was attracted to guys' - The Guardian 
- athletes coming out and being comfortable telling their story of being gay influences audiences who share similar views; links to the Gareth Thomas who is a gay rugby player who came out 
- Rugby is a stereotypical masculine sport he appropriates this and changes it through the idea of being gay, revealing how being gay does not change you from doing anything
  • Islamophobia - 'Why the British media is responsible for the rise in Islamophobia in Britain' - http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/why-the-british-media-is-responsible-for-the-rise-in-islamophobia-in-britain-a6967546.html
- Less than 0.5 per cent of journalists in the UK are Muslim. No wonders so many misleading stories make the cut
- “UK mosques fundraising for terror”, to be “significantly misleading” following a complaint lodged by myself

  • We're The Superhumans - Rio Paralympics Advertisement 2016 
- disabilities seen as a positive thing, shows that you are able to do anything. motivates others with disabilities 
- Superhuman providing a positive stance, making them seem different but in a good way, capable of doing more than the average human too

List 10 stories/debates/examples that you could use for the New/Digital Media question:
  • 'Why Facebook is public enemy number one for newspapers, and journalism' - https://www.theguardian.com/media/greenslade/2016/sep/20/why-facebook-is-public-enemy-number-one-for-newspapers-and-journalism
- Jemima Kiss, in her article, "A Giant May Eat Us," says she contends that the world’s leading social media site is exerting both an “increasing domination of internet advertising revenue and control of a significant part of a critical distribution platform.”
- Social media is killing all other traditional means of media and journalism
  • 'Digital crisis looms as 'ruthless' fourth industrial revolution breeds startup fear' - http://www.cbronline.com/4th-revolution/digital-crisis-fourth-industrial-revolution-startup-fear/#
- 2/3 of UK businesses feel threatened by digital startups - they think that new startups pose significant threat to their organisation according to Dell Technologies
- 32% of UK businesses fear they may become obsolete in the next 3 to 5 years due to new digital born startups 
- 41% of business leaders have faced disruption with digital technologies and the Internet of Everything having a significant change
- 38% of businesses do not know what their business will be looking like in 3 years time
- Companies are finding it hard to transform and keep up with the changing technology 62% are expanding their software capabilities 
  • Citizen Journalism 
- Rodney King, 1991 - event filmed by onlooker from apartment window. The home-video footage made prime-time news and became an international media sensation
- Asian Tsunami, 2004 - 'accidental journalists' tourists filming holiday, caught up in the natural disaster
- London bombings, 2005 - citizen journalism footage was raw and uncompromising: The first hand view is more emotive than professionally shot news footage 
- Seung-Hui Cho - mailed to NBC news his shootings - a student recorded the footage on his mobile revealing the events
- Mumbai bombings, 2008 - reports were posted on Twitter and Flickr, by broadcasting these tweets people believed that they may have been putting their lives at risk
- Hudson River Plane Crash, 2009 - dramatic picture available on Twitpic -While national news organisations quickly swung into action, it was the citizen journalist, empowered by social networking sites, that first broke the story
  • 'Crime-reporting app Vigilante kicked off App Store over Apple's content concerns' - https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/nov/01/vigilante-app-removed-apple-store
- Vigilante is a crime-reporting app which reports crimes within the area for citizens to be aware of - Apple refused to have this app in it's app store as they believed this was a way to empower citizens rather than help prevent crimes
- launched in New York and created by Sp0n. It is designed to alert nearby users whenever a crime is reported to 911
- "The developers believe that opening up crime reporting in this way empowers people. 'The closed system excludes the community while the open system informs and empowers citizens,' it says."
  • The New Day newspaper 
- launched to tap into a new market, not specifically to take readers from other newspapers
- designed to essentially embody modern lifestyles and meet the demands that audiences want from a newspaper
- trying to modernise newspapers
- About 6million people buy a newspaper everyday
- Over a million people have stopped buying newspapers in the last two years
- There was a failure to invest in promotion and the cost of the paper rose from 25p to 50p making it more expensive than the 'i.' 
- no political stance caused failure of paper 
  • 'I'm with you on the digital revolution, it's the lack of journalism I can't face' - https://www.theguardian.com/media/greenslade/2016/oct/11/im-with-you-on-the-digital-revolution-its-the-lack-of-journalism-i-cant-face
- A local newspaper called The Citizen that had been published for 90 years has stopped being published - it was a paid for title based in Laconia 
- Arlinghaus says that "no one gets their news from twitter, even if they think they do, they don't
- “none of the local stories would have been covered, printed or rebroadcast. No one would have tweeted the story.”
- Social media reacts to news, it doesn’t find it
  • Rupert Murdoch and Paywalls 
- From the figures shown on the blog, it reveals how the number of digital subscriptions has increased and how putting news content behind a paywall has actually helped The Times and The Sunday Times
- The Times got 13,000 new subscribers in the first half of 2013
- despite this The Times is still losing money, however due to the company getting their profits from News Corp too, they have tolerated their losses
- shows that even though putting the content behind a paywall allows a short-term profitable income it does not allow for a sustainable income
  • Facebook + Facebook Live 
- 'Arrests after 'gang rape livestreamed on Facebook' - http://news.sky.com/story/arrests-after-gang-rape-livestreamed-on-facebook-10740640
- Police have arrested three men in Sweden suspected of a gang rape that was livestreamed on Facebook
- The closed Facebook group the alleged attack was streamed through has 60,000 members
- 'Facebook video gunman Steve Stephens kills himself after chase' - http://news.sky.com/story/facebook-video-gunman-steve-stephens-kills-himself-after-chase-10842411
- man who filmed himself killing a 74-year-old man before putting the video on Facebook
- in the footage Stephens pulls over in a car on a street in Cleveland as he says "find me somebody to kill, gonna kill this guy right here. He's an old dude"
- 'Met investigates filmed confrontation between driver and police officer' - https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/sep/17/filmed-confrontation-between-driver-and-police-officer-goes-viral
- Clip was shared on social media and viewed over 40,000 times
- footage was shared by a former member of So Solid Crew
- footage has now become evidence 
  • 'Fake news and a 400-year-old problem: we need to resolve the ‘post-truth’ crisis' - https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/nov/29/fake-news-echo-chamber-ethics-infosphere-internet-digital
- appetite for populism is not a new problem. There is now the same problem with online misinformation
- Humans have always been prejudiced and intolerant of different views
- 'The difference is that the internet allows that appetite to be fed a bottomless supply of semantic junk, transforming Bacon’s caves into echo chambers. In that way, we have always been “post-truth”'
  • 'Porn videos streamed 'via YouTube loophole' - http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-38652906
- YouTube told the BBC its policies "prohibit sexually explicit content like pornography"
- TorrentFreak reported that some websites had found a way to play secretly uploaded videos on their own external services, by streaming the raw data from googlevideo.com - a domain operated by Google
- "Copyright infringers take advantage of a private-video-share setting," Dreamroom Productions told TorrentFreak. "They upload and store videos, and freely use them on third party websites to earn profits."
  • 2015 Ofcom Report 
- 67% of adults use television as a source of news
- 59% 16-24 year olds news online; 23% over 55 news online
- Internet = 50% AB
- Most used newspapers are The Sun and The Daily Mail both at 6%
- 59% of 16-24 year olds use internet or apps for news
- 43% of 16-24 year olds access news mostly from social media

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